Bak_Low

Dr. Bak Kong Low

Connections 4
Publications 53
Files 1

Professional Information

Independent - Researcher

  • Geotechnical Engineer

Researcher

  • Risk & Reliability Slope Stability Analysis

  • PhD or Equivalent
    • Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering (Civil/Geotechnical) - University of California, Berkeley : 22/08/1982 - 17/12/1985
  • MSc or Equivalent
    • Master of Science in Civil Engineering - Massachusetts Institute of Technology : 01/09/1978 - 12/09/1979
  • BSc or Equivalent
    • Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering - Massachusetts Institute of Technology : 01/09/1975 - 04/06/1979

  • Thomas A. Middlebrooks award, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s628wJS-H2Y&t=255s ASCE, 2019

  • Researcher : ( 01/10/2020 - Present )
    • Independent
  • Nanyang Technological University, Singapore : ( 22/09/1985 - 30/09/2020 )
    • Geotechnical faculty staff (1985-2020)

    • Teaching and Research for 35 years

Language Read Level Written Level Spoken Level
English High High High
Mandarin High Medium Medium


Contact Information

Singapore View on map

+6598758236

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Group Type Members

Name
Publications
Probability-Based Design of Reinforced Rock Slopes Using Coupled FORM and Monte Carlo Methods
Journal Article published 2023 Nov 6 in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering
Authors: Bak Kong Low, Chia Weng Boon
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-023-03607-6
Context-Dependent Parameter Sensitivities in Rock Slope Stability
Journal Article published 2022 Aug 28 in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-03017-0
Load-resistance duality and case-specific sensitivity in reliability-based design
Journal Article published 2021 Nov 10 in Acta Geotechnica
Authors: Bak Kong Low, Richard J. Bathurst
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11440-021-01394-4
Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering
Monograph published 2021 Sep 3
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297
Earth retaining structures
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 193 to 232
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-9
Plane sliding in rock slopes
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 277 to 307
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-12
Pile foundations
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 157 to 191
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-8
Soil slope stability
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 233 to 274
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-10
Civil and environmental applications of reliability analysis and design
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 43 to 82
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-4
Hasofer–lind index, FORM, reliability-based design and SORM
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 9 to 42
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-3
Underground excavations in rock
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 335 to 355
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-14
Eurocode 7, LRFD and links with the first-order reliability method
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 83 to 111
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-5
Rock slopes with three-dimensional tetrahedral wedges
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 309 to 334
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-13
Spread foundations
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 115 to 156
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-7
Introduction
Book Chapter published 2021 Sep 3 in Reliability-Based Design in Soil and Rock Engineering on pages 1 to 5
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003112297-1
Correlated sensitivities in reliability analysis and probabilistic Burland-and-Burbidge method
Journal Article published 2020 Dec 28 in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards on pages 1 to 16
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17499518.2020.1861636
Geotechnical Insights from Reliability-Based Design to Improve Partial Factor Design Methods
Proceedings Article published 2020 Feb 21 in Geo-Congress 2020
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482797.067
Probabilistic insights on a soil slope in San Francisco and a rock slope in Hong Kong
Journal Article published 2019 Apr 18 in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards volume 13 issue 4 on pages 326 to 332
Authors: B. K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17499518.2019.1606923
Reliability-based design of tunnelling problems and insights for Eurocode 7
Journal Article published 2018 May in Computers and Geotechnics volume 97 on pages 42 to 51
Authors: Huaxin Liu, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2017.12.005
Efficient FORM Procedure and Geotechnical Reliability-Based Design
Proceedings Article published 2017 Jun in Geotechnical Safety and Reliability
Authors: Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480731.010
System reliability analysis of tunnels reinforced by rockbolts
Journal Article published 2017 May in Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology volume 65 on pages 155 to 166
Authors: Huaxin Liu, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.03.003
Insights from Reliability-Based Design to Complement Load and Resistance Factor Design Approach
Journal Article published 2017 Nov in Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering volume 143 issue 11 on page 04017089
Authors: B. K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0001795
Reliability-based design and its complementary role to Eurocode 7 design approach
Journal Article published 2015 Apr in Computers and Geotechnics volume 65 on pages 30 to 44
Authors: Bak Kong Low, Kok-Kwang Phoon
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2014.11.011
FORM, SORM, and spatial modeling in geotechnical engineering
Journal Article published 2014 Jul in Structural Safety volume 49 on pages 56 to 64
Authors: B.K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2013.08.008
Reliability analysis of roof wedges and rockbolt forces in tunnels
Journal Article published 2013 Sep in Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology volume 38 on pages 1 to 10
Authors: B.K. Low, H.H. Einstein
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2013.04.006
Testing Bias and Parametric Uncertainty in Analyses of A Slope Failure in San Francisco Bay Mud
Proceedings Article published 2013 Feb 25 in Geo-Congress 2013
Authors: B. K. Low, J. Michael Duncan
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412787.096
Stratified Response Surfaces for System Probabilistic Evaluation of Slopes
Journal Article published 2012 Nov in Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering volume 138 issue 11 on pages 1398 to 1406
Authors: Jian Ji, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000711
Probabilistic analysis of laterally loaded piles using response surface and neural network approaches
Journal Article published 2012 Jun in Computers and Geotechnics volume 43 on pages 101 to 110
Authors: Chin Loong Chan, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2012.03.001
Probabilistic evaluation of ground-support interaction for deep rock excavation using artificial neural network and uniform design
Journal Article published 2012 Nov in Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology volume 32 on pages 1 to 18
Authors: Qing Lü, Chin Loong Chan, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2012.04.014
System Reliability Assessment for a Rock Tunnel with Multiple Failure Modes
Journal Article published 2012 Jul 14 in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering volume 46 issue 4 on pages 821 to 833
Authors: Qing Lü, Chin Loong Chan, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-012-0285-3
Sensitivity analysis of laterally loaded pile involving correlated non-normal variables
Journal Article published 2012 Apr in International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering volume 6 issue 2 on pages 163 to 169
Authors: Chin Chan, Bak Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.3328/ijge.2012.06.02.163-169
Probabilistic analysis of underground rock excavations using response surface method and SORM
Journal Article published 2011 Dec in Computers and Geotechnics volume 38 issue 8 on pages 1008 to 1021
Authors: Qing Lü, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2011.07.003
Practical second-order reliability analysis applied to foundation engineering
Journal Article published 2011 Jul 5 in International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics volume 36 issue 11 on pages 1387 to 1409
Authors: Chin Loong Chan, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1057
Reliability analysis of ground–support interaction in circular tunnels using the response surface method
Journal Article published 2011 Dec in International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences volume 48 issue 8 on pages 1329 to 1343
Authors: Qing Lü, Hong-Yue Sun, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2011.09.020
Efficient system reliability analysis illustrated for a retaining wall and a soil slope
Journal Article published 2011 Mar in Computers and Geotechnics volume 38 issue 2 on pages 196 to 204
Authors: B.K. Low, J. Zhang, Wilson H. Tang
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2010.11.005
Reliability analysis of circular tunnel under hydrostatic stress field
Journal Article published 2010 Jan in Computers and Geotechnics volume 37 issue 1-2 on pages 50 to 58
Authors: Hang-Zhou Li, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2009.07.005
Reliability Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles Involving Nonlinear Soil and Pile Behavior
Journal Article published 2009 Mar in Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering volume 135 issue 3 on pages 431 to 443
Authors: C. L. Chan, B. K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2009)135:3(431)
Reliability-Based Analysis and Design of Strip Footings against Bearing Capacity Failure
Journal Article published 2008 Jul in Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering volume 134 issue 7 on pages 917 to 928
Authors: Dalia S. Youssef Abdel Massih, Abdul-Hamid Soubra, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2008)134:7(917)
Slope reliability analysis accounting for spatial variation
Journal Article published 2007 Dec in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards volume 1 issue 4 on pages 177 to 189
Authors: B. K. Low, S. Lacasse, F. Nadim
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17499510701772089
Efficient Spreadsheet Algorithm for First-Order Reliability Method
Journal Article published 2007 Dec in Journal of Engineering Mechanics volume 133 issue 12 on pages 1378 to 1387
Authors: B. K. Low, Wilson H. Tang
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2007)133:12(1378)
Efficient Probabilistic Algorithm Illustrated for a Rock Slope
Journal Article published 2007 Sep 18 in Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering volume 41 issue 5 on pages 715 to 734
Authors: B. K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-007-0146-7
Reliability analysis of rock slopes involving correlated nonnormals
Journal Article published 2007 Sep in International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences volume 44 issue 6 on pages 922 to 935
Authors: B.K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2007.02.008
Probabilistic Stability Analyses of Embankments Based on Finite-Element Method
Journal Article published 2006 Nov in Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering volume 132 issue 11 on pages 1444 to 1454
Authors: B. Xu, B. K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2006)132:11(1444)
Reliability-based design applied to retaining walls
Journal Article published 2005 Feb in Géotechnique volume 55 issue 1 on pages 63 to 75
Authors: B. K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.55.1.63.58585
Reliability analysis using object-oriented constrained optimization
Journal Article published 2004 Jan in Structural Safety volume 26 issue 1 on pages 69 to 89
Authors: Bak K. Low, Wilson H. Tang
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4730(03)00023-7
Reliability analysis of laterally loaded piles using response surface methods
Journal Article published 2000 Jan in Structural Safety volume 22 issue 4 on pages 335 to 355
Authors: Vipman Tandjiria, Cee Ing Teh, Bak Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4730(00)00019-9
Slope Reliability Analysis Using Generalized Method of Slices
Journal Article published 1998 Apr in Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering volume 124 issue 4 on pages 350 to 362
Authors: B. K. Low, R. B. Gilbert, S. G. Wright
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1998)124:4(350)
Reliability Analysis of Rock Wedges
Journal Article published 1997 Jun in Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering volume 123 issue 6 on pages 498 to 505
Authors: B. K. Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(1997)123:6(498)
Reliability analysis of reinforced embankments on soft ground
Journal Article published 1997 Oct 1 in Canadian Geotechnical Journal volume 34 issue 5 on pages 672 to 685
Authors: B K Low, W H Tang
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t97-032
Efficient Reliability Evaluation Using Spreadsheet
Journal Article published 1997 Jul in Journal of Engineering Mechanics volume 123 issue 7 on pages 749 to 752
Authors: B. K. Low, Wilson H. Tang
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1997)123:7(749)
Arching in Piled Embankments
Journal Article published 1994 Nov in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering volume 120 issue 11 on pages 1917 to 1938
Authors: B. K. Low, S. K. Tang, V. Choa
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1994)120:11(1917)
Slip circle analysis of reinforced embankments on soft ground
Journal Article published 1990 Jan in Geotextiles and Geomembranes volume 9 issue 2 on pages 165 to 181
Authors: B.K. Low, Kai S. Wong, Christine Lim, Bengt B. Broms
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-1144(90)90012-2
Stability Analysis of Embankments on Soft Ground
Journal Article published 1989 Feb in Journal of Geotechnical Engineering volume 115 issue 2 on pages 211 to 227
Authors: Bak‐Kong Low
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1989)115:2(211)
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